How does a country with no natural water sources but surrounded by water on three sides create a drinkable supply to sustain 2.64 million people? An arid country with limited to no underground water, rainfall of only 82mm/year ,and evaporation rate of 2000mm/year, Qatar falls below the international water poverty line of 1000m3 per capita per year. To remedy this, they turned to desalination - a process that involves the removal of salt and impurities from seawater to produce fresh water, often using a reverse osmosis process.
The first sea water desalination plant in Qatar was established in the year 1953 based on submerged tube process with a capacity of 682m3 /day. The second plant was set up in the year 1962 at Ras abu Abood based upon the commercially successful multi stage flash distillation process (MSF) with a capacity of 1.5 MIGD. The third plant was established in 1977 at Ras Abu Fantas which was also based upon MSF. The fourth plant was built at Abu Samra in the year 1982 based on a new reverse osmosis technology with a capacity of 909 m3 per day (Figure 4). The fifth major desalination plant was set up in the year 2016 at Ras Abu Fantas based upon the reverse osmosis sea water desalination. The sixth and the latest plant is set up at Umm Al Houl with a capacity of 136MIGD, out if which 60MIGD is achieved using reverse osmosis process and the remaining 76MIGD is achieved by a hybrid MSF co power generation plant. All of these, with the exception of the plant at Ras Abu Fantas, use thermal technology, which involves heating water until it evaporates. The process starts with heating the tubes in the distiller units’ brine heaters, which in turn heats the seawater intake. The heated seawater passes into the vacuum evaporator, where it boils rapidly and converts into steam. The steam is then condensed on heat exchanger tubes, which are cooled by the incoming water flow to the brine heater, resulting in purified water.
But making seawater drinkable isn't cheap. The energy extensive process can rack up huge bills, and as Qatar moves to more sustainable forms of energy, there's a growing interest in another desalination process - reverse-osmosis. One of the advantages of reverse-osmosis – which, in simple terms, involves applying pressure to force liquid through a membrane filter – is that it requires relatively less electricity than other forms of desalination.
In reverse osmosis, seawater is passed through a pre-treatment filter that removes large and small particles. The filtered seawater is then forced under pressure through special membranes whereby the osmosis process that normally occurs in nature is reversed. The pores in the membranes are so tiny that salt, bacteria, viruses and other impurities are separated from the seawater. In essence they act like microscopic strainers. About half of the water that enters the plant from the sea becomes fresh drinking water. The salt and other impurities removed from the sea water is then returned to the ocean via diffusers, which ensures it mixes quickly and prevents the marine environment from being impacted.
The desalinated water is then subject to further treatment to meet drinking water standards before it reaches our customers.
The upcoming Ras Abu Fontas 3 development and the pending Umm Al Houl plant are considered to the first large scale RO membrane desalination projects in the country. The plant was inaugurated in 2017, at a cost of QR 1.75 billion and a max capacity of 36 billion gallons per day. The latter, the Umm Al Houl plant is a combined desalination and power generation plant, scheduled to be inaugurated later this year. The QR 11 billion undertaking is estimated to generate a daily production capacity of 136m gallons of water and 2520 MW of electricity, supplying 30 percent of Qatar's electricity needs and 40 percent of its water requirements. Both are part of Qatar's increased efforts to accommodate the upcoming 2022 FIFA World Cup.
According to a 2015 article by Doha News, Qatar at the time only had a 48-hour supply of water at any time, meaning any production interruption or natural disaster could have quickly caused hardships for the country’s residents and businesses. The upgrades to its current desalination plants and the commissioning of two new ones, along with a new mega-reservoir project, aims to increase Qatar’s water security by extending that supply to one week. The later is part of a QR17 billion (US$4.67 billion) spend on mega-reservoirs that local water authority Kahramaa calls the "largest water storage expansion project in the country’s history". In its first phase, two dozen reservoirs across five properties in Um Baraka, Um Salal, Rawdat Rashid, Abu Nakhla and Al-Thumama will be built, with a a total capacity of 2.3 billion gallons of water – the equivalent of nearly 4,182 Olympic-sized swimming pools. The uptake in production and storage of drinking water bodes well for Qatar's residents, who consume an average of 595 liters of water per resident, per day. In recent years, local authorities have attempted to curb the high water use by initiating PSAs like the Tarsheed public awareness campaigns as well as threats fines for wasteful usage of water and electricity. Find below a list of the top
Desalination Equipment Suppliers And Engineering Services in Doha, Qatar:
- ORONTES TRADING & CONTRACTING WLL
Location: SHOP 7, BLDG 10, BARWA VILLAGE, AL WAKRAH
,
Phone: 44116621
Timings:8.30AM-5.30PM
Key Personnel:ISLAM AL BARAZI, GEN MNGR
- 21 TRADING CONTRACTING & SERVICES WLL
Location: UMM GHUWALINA,
Phone: 30096036 - MOBILE
Timings:8.00AM-8.00PM
Key Personnel:MOHD AHSEN, C O O
CALVIN FERNANDES, C E O
- A A ENGINEERING SERVICES
Location: ST 15, SALWA IND AREA,
Phone: 44600235
Timings:7.00-12.00/3.00-6.00
Key Personnel:Abdul Razak Abdulla , CHAIRMAN
Adel Hayder , MNG DIR
MAHMOUD DIRHALLI , FIN MNGR
PHIL WOOLFALL, MNGR - M / E / I
RAYAT NARINDER , MNGR - FABRICATION MACHINE SHOP VALVE DIV
R K NAIR , MNGR - SHEET METAL SHOP
M S KERKAR, MNGR - LIFTING EQPT
V E ABRAHAM , INCHARGE - MOTOR REWINDING
T R GEORGE , INCHARGE - INSTRUMENTATION
MOHD AL HASAN , MNGR - CONTROL PANEL PUMP DIV
Muwaffaq Abu Ghoush , MNGR - TRDG DIV
- AL MUFTAH PROJECTS & INDUSTRIAL SVCS
Location: 4TH FLR, AL MUFTAH PLAZA, AL RAYYAN,
Phone: 44223333
Timings:8.00AM-5.00PM
Key Personnel:Kavindra P Jani , Div Mngr
- MANNAI TRADING CO WLL ( ENERGY & INDL MARKETS DIV )
Location: Ramada Junction, Salwa Rd,
Phone: 44558888
Timings:8.00-1.00/2.00-6.00 : SUN-THUR
Key Personnel:Robert El Cham , Gen Mngr
- WELL FIELD INDUSTRIAL SUPPLIERS & SVCS WLL
Location: FRIJ ABDUL AZIZ, B RING RD,
Phone: 44429609
Timings:8.00AM-6.00PM
Key Personnel:P Nasarudheen , M D
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ENGINEERING & CONSULTANCY SERVICES
Find below a list of the top products suppliers of
Engineering & Consultancy Services in Doha, Qatar:
- ACE - QATAR
- Architectural / Engineering Solutions, Civil / Electrical / Mechanical Management Of Projects, Engineering Consultants - ACOUSTIC CONSULTANCY
- Consultancy / Servicing Of Mechanical Products - ADOBE ENGINEERING CO WLL
- Engineering & Consultancy Services - AL ZHBYA INTERNATIONAL (SHADES & TENTS)
- Engineering Services, Design & Fabrication - APPLUS + VELOSI
- Design / Verification / Appraisal, Asset Integrity Services / Software, Geotechnical Engineering / Instrumentation / Monitoring, Mep Commissioning Management, Hvac Tab Services, Tpi Services, Quality Assurance Management Services, Loss Prevention Consultancy Services, Engineers - Consultants, Engineers - Design, Engineers - Inspection & Testing
- AUTODESK
- - BENTELY SOFTWARE
- - BENTLEY
- - BILL HARBERT INT'L CONSTRUCTION
- Construction Services - CGC
-
Related Tags:Engineering & Consultancy Services products in doha qatar |
ACE - QATAR Products in Doha Qatar |
ACOUSTIC CONSULTANCY Products in Doha Qatar |
ADOBE ENGINEERING CO WLL Products in Doha Qatar |
AL ZHBYA INTERNATIONAL (SHADES & TENTS) Products in Doha Qatar |
APPLUS + VELOSI Products in Doha Qatar |
AUTODESK Products in Doha Qatar |
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BENTLEY Products in Doha Qatar |
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